Bacterial vaginosis (BV), is the most frequent vaginal disturbance in reproductive age women.
It is characterised by a large decrease in lactobacilli bacteria in the vagina and replaced by predominantly anaerobic bacteria including Gardnerella vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis, Prevotella, Peptostreptococcus and Escherichia coli from the rectum have also been shown to cause the disease. common for BV to show up cyclically during or after your period. During M=menstruation the vagina has an alkaline pH (around 7.4), hence prolonged or irregular bleeding patterns could potentially change the vaginal pH and cause it to be less acidic than usual.
BV is mainly followed by irritating symptoms mainly foul, fish-like or musty odor which is sometimes stronger after a woman has sex, watery or foamy, white (milky) or gray vaginal secretions, itching on the outside of the vagina and Burning or discomfort during urination . It is also known that BV is associated with potentially severe gynaecological and obstetric complications.
BV has been associated with an increased risk of acquiring a number of different sexually transmitted microorganisms—human papillomavirus, human immunodeficiency virus, C. trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae and a higher rate of pregnancy‐related complications.
As many as 30 percent of women relapse within 1 month of treatment, with unprompted relapse occurring more commonly among women treated with topical compared with systemic antibiotics
Bacterial vaginosis what is it and how can it be treated
The most common oral treatment for BV in both pregnant and non-pregnant women is metronidazole and clindamycin . The individual cure rate given a 7-day, course ranges from 84 percent to 96 percent, and the cure rate given a 2 g single dose of metronidazole is 54-62 percent .
The second systemic treatment for BV is oral clindamycin., twice-daily course of clindamycin for 7 days resulted in a 94 percent cure rate . The two topical treatments for BV include metronidazole 0.75 percent vaginal gel and clindamycin 2 percent vaginal cream
Probiotics have been documented to be beneficial in curing BV as well as reducing its recurrence and have been administered both orally and vaginally .
Oral administration introduces the beneficial bacteria directly into the vagina; probiotics consumed orally are believed to ascend to the vaginal tract after they are excreted from the rectum.
Mechanism through which probiotics play a role in BV treatment include: occupation of specific adhesion sites atProbiotics have been documented to be beneficial in curing BV as well as reducing its recurrence and have been administered both orally and vaginally .
Oral administration introduces the beneficial bacteria directly into the vagina; probiotics consumed orally are believed to ascend to the vaginal tract after they are excreted from the rectum. Mechanism through which probiotics play a role in BV treatment include: occupation of specific adhesion sites at
